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A Content Analysis of Coalition Leaflets Used in the Iraq War

Andrew M. Clark

University of Texas at Arlington Department of Communication, amclark{at}uta.edu

Thomas B. Christie

University of Texas at Arlington Department of Communication, christie{at}uta.edu

This content analysis of coalition leaflets dropped in Iraq during the recent war is viewed through a framework developed to analyze government international communication efforts to affect international public opinion and policy support. Under the framework, such messages have three main functions: survival, countering disinformation and facilitative communication. The study’s hypothesis that most leaflets would have ‘survival’ messages is supported. Such messages have the strongest potential to influence public opinion, based on the positive effects of limiting casualties and ensuring economic survival. Messages countering disinformation address enemy propaganda, and messages used for facilitative communication create a friendly atmosphere. The study also analyzed intended audiences and categorized specific leaflet messages. The study is useful in understanding the nature and effectiveness of government efforts to influence public opinion during times of crisis or war.

Key Words: Iraq • leaflets • psychological operations • public opinion

Gazette, Vol. 67, No. 2, 141-154 (2005)
DOI: 10.1177/0016549205050128
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